Analysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Hobbes - 977 Words

Leviathan Thomas Hobbes 1. Art imitates nature of which man is the best work, and State is an â€Å"artificial man.† Sovereignty acts as the soul - it provides life to the body or the State. Those who execute the law act as the joints of the body. The rewards and punishments which move members to do their duty to society are the nerves. Counsellors act as the memory while the laws of the state represent the body’s reason and will. Sedition acts as an illness while civil war represents death. Each function of the state represents a part or function of the human body. 2. Original power differs from instrumental power in that original power is one’s talent in something of the mind or body - strength, arts, intelligence, while instrumental power†¦show more content†¦Only when the people submit to authority is there a common law to define what is just and unjust, there is not constant battles and conquest. 4. The mutual transferring of right called a contract is when men mutually renounce their right to something, such as killing one another, voluntarily. This act would then bring about peace - security in their life and their possessions 5. Hobbes’ fourth law of nature is that by showing gratitude or appreciation for those who uphold the contract which they have made - therefore, those who continue to abide by the contract will not regret it. Hobbes’ fifth law of nature is that those who made the contract must be adaptable so that the contract will not be broken over petty problems. The sixth law of nature is that the offences of the past, if repented, must be forgiven for the contract to remain. The seventh law states that punishment should only be used to correct the perpetrator, not as revenge. The eight law is that those involved in the contract must not make their hatred of one another known. The ninth law states that man must acknowledge that they are equal to one another, therefore, they should avoid pride. Hobbes’ tenth law states that rights should be mutual - one cannot reserve any right not reserved to all others. The eleventh law states that when there is a conflict, all should submit to judgement by an impartial arbitrator. 6. Hobbes’ maintains that although the laws of human nature state that mankind pursue peace,

This Earth of Mankind Free Essays

Throughout Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel, This Earth of Mankind, a multitude of social justice issue arise amongst the Dutch colonization of Indonesia. The European cultural influence truly suffocated the local natives to the point where social structure and class took precedence over knowledge, talent, and experience. Native Indonesians where seen as inferior to the Dutch colonials and race was thus correlated with class. We will write a custom essay sample on This Earth of Mankind or any similar topic only for you Order Now Race refers to whether someone is Native Indonesian, Indo, or European. The Dutch and those from European descent where assumed to be the most civilized, cultured, and superiorly educated.Indos are associated with the middle class and Natives occupy the lowest class. It was hard for individuals to break these cultural barriers, but even more so to look past the gender divide. Along with these class divisions the area was littered with gender incongruity. This Earth of Mankind is the story of an uncommonly brilliant Native man named Minke. He falls in love with an Indo woman named Annelies, but their relationship is put into jeopardy by class separation and discrimination of the sexes.This inequality between sexes is continually brought to light throughout the novel, and the roles it imposed upon members of society influenced each character’s thoughts, actions, and beliefs. The first encounter of gender based discrimination occurs when Minke arrives at Nyai Ontosoroh’s household. Nyai is a native woman and mother to Minke’s future spouse Annelies. Minke is invited to the house through the recommendation of his schoolmate Robert Suurhof. He states that although Nyai’s daughter is indeed beautiful he deserves, â€Å"only a goddess with Pure European blood,† (29) and therefore she is below him.This represents a cultural divide, but Minke experiences a gender related issue when meeting Nyai. Nyai was an Indonesian concubine, which meant she was a mistress to a Dutch man. She was taught the Dutch language, European culture, and high class mannerisms. These aspects of Nyai confused Minke. Nyai was indeed knowledgeable and cultured, but her class as a Native and her status as a woman allowed Minke to second guess his acknowledgment of her. â€Å"I hesitated. Should I offer my hand as to a European woman, or should I treat her as a Native woman and ignore her? (29)Minke was the guest at Nyai’s home and although she welcomed him openly, Minke was hesitant to even touch the woman. This represents the generalized thought of most men in Indonesia. It is obvious that the distinction between men and women is incredibly important culturally and that men absolutely feel superior to women. Another element to this conversation is the different treatment received by Native women and European women. Native women are to be ignored, while European women are meant to be respected.Because of the culturally based caste system and the distinction between men and women, each interaction manifests itself within a certain criteria. Men interact with other men based on their social class, while people of opposite sexes must take into account social class and gender based discrimination before interacting. Another representation of Native women being degraded comes from Minke’s impression of Nyai’s occupation. The relationship between Minke and Nyai is the most interesting aspect of This Earth of Mankind. Nyai’s self education befuddles Minke, he struggles with the culturally appropriate way to address her. She is both Native and educated. The struggle intensifies when he takes into account Nyai’s marital status. She is a concubine for a European man named Herman Mellema. Although she is in a relationship with a European man, her reputation is that of a sinner. Through Minke’s friendship with Annelies, Nyai reveals herself as a strong, loving, and honorable mother. Minke relates Nyai to his own mother, but quickly corrects himself stating, â€Å"Beware, don’t equate her with mother. She is just a nyai, living in sin, giving birth to illegitimate children, low in moral character, selling honor to live easily and in luxury. † (32) Minke believes this because Nyai has devoted her life to a man without being bonded by marriage. Traditionally, nyai are only responsible for the household and to bear children. This conflicts with Nyai’s situation because she carries out many more duties. Nyai is not only the caretaker of her child and the household, but she also runs her husband’s business.Minke is able to look beyond Nyai’s sex and caste because of her sophistication and success. â€Å"There were too many new things, which my teachers had never mentioned, that proceeded from her lips. Remarkable. † (46) His admiration of Nyai stemmed from the numerous days and nights he began to spend with the family. Minke was falling in love with Annelies and as their relationship strengthened so too did his respect and awe for Nyai. These cultural and gender based barriers where being broken down through respectful and intellectual dialogue and the mutual acceptance of each individual.Annelies also provides an important perspective on Minke’s mindset transformation. The attitude of Annelies extends beyond the bounds considered normal for women in Indonesian society. She is extremely outgoing and straightforward, aspects that originally perplexed Minke. Comparatively speaking, Minke only knew women to be quiet, indifferent, and respectful towards men. Annelies takes after her mother Nyai. She is confident and strong, but also accepting and fair. Her intelligence and sophisticated mannerisms reflect Nyai. She also looks over numerous workers on the Mellema’s estate.These traits all represent the personalities of high class European woman, but strangely Annelies only wishes to be a Native. â€Å"I don’t want to be an Indo. I only want to be like Mama. † (31) This quote from Annelies describes her passion for a culture that is relatively looked down upon. Annelies is the descendant of a European man and a Native woman, making her an Indo. As stated previously, an Indo man or woman is placed within the middle class above Natives, but below Europeans. Curiously, Annelies chooses the lower class Native rather than the middle class Indo.Annelies and Nyai are two strong women who understand their identity. Rather than trying to change who they are, Annelies and Nyai excel despite their cultural deficiencies. Continuing with Minke’s immersion into gender equalization, one certain event was particularly eye-opening. While Minke toured Nyai’s farm, Annelies took Minke to a room where her workers produced cow’s milk. Minke was astounded when he discovered women working alongside men. â€Å"Some where women; you could tell from the batik kains below their white shirts. Women working in business. Wearing calico shirts too!Village women wearing coats! And not in their own kitchens! † (35) Minke grew up within a strict patriarchal society and when he witnessed women working outside the home, his amazement was apparent. Because of the absolute control held by males, Minke was surprised even to see women wearing shirts. The male dominance within the Indonesian society was deeply rooted in tradition. Minke, as an educated man, was able to see beyond the stereotypes and form his own opinions. Minke was beginning to appreciate Annelies and Nyai not because of their sex or class, but because of their intrinsic worth.The last major example within This Earth’s Mankind that demonstrates the inequality of sexes happens much later in the novel. Annelies and Minke grow very close. They are married within the Islamic faith and are very much in love. Conflict occurs when Annelies is taken by a European man for marriage. Because an Islamic marriage is not recognized by the Dutch or the Christian faith, Annelies can be forced to marry a Dutch man. Maurits, Annelies’ suitor, plans to take her away from Minke and bring her to the Netherlands. A court case commences and Nyai takes the stand in favor of Minke and Nyai.She believes that love should take precedence over any arranged or purchased marriage. â€Å"Are such purchases truer than pure love? † (287) The judge of the case immediately silences Nyai stating, â€Å"She is an Indo, an Indo, she’s above you! Minke is a Native, though with forum privilegiatum, the right to appear before this court, meaning he’s above you, Nyai, but his forum can be canceled at a moment’s notice. But Miss Annelies remains above Natives forever. † (287) Although Nyai was the mother of Annelies she held no legal power over her. Annelies was an Indo and therefore not part of Nyai’s world.She could not help her daughter and her words became irrelevant because of her class and sex. I believe the most powerful statement written in This Earth of Mankind was Nyai’s response to the judge, â€Å"Who turned me into a concubine? Who turned us all into nyais? European gentlemen, made masters. Why in these official forums are we laughed at? Humiliated? Or is it that you gentleman want my daughter to become a concubine too? † (288) Exhausted with an unfair system, Nyai pleads for her daughter’s life. In a male dominated society, Nyai’s words hold zero worth.It is sad and pathetic that the woman who cared for and raised Annelies has no control over her future. This Earth of Mankind is a powerful and thought provoking story that allows readers to immerse themselves within the Dutch East Indies’ culture during the 19th century. Minke’s story illustrates the intense social justice issues involving class, culture, and sex. Gender and more specifically the role of women takes forefront in the lives of Annelies and Nyai. Pramoedya’s book provides an inestimable perspective on the inequality and gender issues that flooded the colonization within Indonesia. How to cite This Earth of Mankind, Papers

Management Advertising and Promotion

Questions: Task 11.1 Explain the communication process that applies to advertising and promotion?1.2 Explain the organisation of the advertising and promotions industry?1.3 Assess how promotion is regulated?1.4 Examine current trends in advertising and promotion, including the impact of ICT?Task 22.1 Explain primary techniques of below-the-line promotion and how they are used in an integrated promotional strategy for a business or product?2.2 Evaluate other techniques used in below-the-line promotion?Task 33.1 Follow an appropriate process for the formulation of a budget for an integrated promotional strategy.3.2 Carry out the development of a promotional plan for a business or product.3.3 Plan the integration of promotional techniques into the promotional strategy for a business or product.3.4 Use appropriate techniques for measuring campaign effectiveness. Answers: Introduction In order to achieve the set goals, its expected that the business organizations need to take the support of advertising and promotion in order to catch the attention of the customers and then they should persuade them towards purchasing from the companies (OGuinn, Allen and Semenik 2010). In order to do, companies need to communicate about the benefits related to the offered products and services to the customers. If the company is successful in influencing the thinking of the customers about the products and are even able to develop the curiosity through applying the effective promotional and advertising activities, then only they can go a long way (OGuinn, Allen and Semenik 2010). Therefore, companies need to use the different techniques, measures as well as strategies for creating the different position through achieving the attention of the audiences and try to motivate them to purchase the goods of that firm (OGuinn, Allen and Semenik 2010). Task 1 1.1 Communication process applied in advertising and promotion In the light of the promotion and advertising, Communication is considered as the message and it associates with the media that is used in communicating with the targeted market (Belch and Belch 2000). The most effective is considered as communication, and its noted that there are more people who are actually convinced over having the effective process of communication, which applies towards the promotion and advertising (Belch and Belch 2000). Due to that many theories are facilitating in this process, which are: Packard theory of the 8 hidden requirements: This theory was developed in the year 1957. This theory started with the advertisements, whose aim is to give satisfaction about the basic needs of the customers (Belch and Belch 2000). Sometimes its noted that persuasion is effective in cases where messages are directed towards the hidden emotional needs. The given emotional needs relates to, reassurance of worth, emotional security, outlet creativity, selling of different love objects, sense of power, gratification of ego, ranks, sense of roots, as well as immorality (Belch and Belch 2000). This method is considered as very simple model in the persuasion. This model describes two opposite as well as basic patterns that are similar in the situation of persuasive (Belch and Belch 2000). In order to intensify, its expected that persuader should enhance the importance of particular elements in order to make the person more serious. Its true that downplaying is referred as opposite of the intensification (Belch and Belch 2000). It could be undertaken by using the similar but either reversed of the techniques. Along with this diversion, confusion and the omission methods could be applied (Belch and Belch 2000). The theory of media richness- This theory was introduced by Robert and Richard in the year 1984 (Belch and Belch 2000). This theory is mainly used for evaluating the richness of particular communication like rank and media. It mentions that the richer, media of personal communication is more effective in case of communicating about the personal issues (Belch and Belch 2000). This theory is measured as per the understanding about the clearness and the time. 1.2 Organization of the advertising and promotions industry The promotional and the advertising industry implies that the business contribute the other businesses in carrying out the activities of promotion (Brassington and Pettitt 2001). In the present time, there are many companies that try to assign the work to the promotion as well as advertising industry instead of doing it themselves (Brassington and Pettitt 2001). As the activities of promotion are significant for any company, the companies need to select the industry of advertising and promotion in wiser manner. The basic factors that could be considered in selecting the advertising industry are: Goodwill- The advertising companies need to have the enough goodwill, and the new industries are not preferred, as its good to be safe then to take risk (Brassington and Pettitt 2001). Knowledge- The advertising companies should hold the required knowledge, and even they should have the good experience and hold the ability to understand the issues of clients. Return- Its true that advertising might be costly; therefore it should be wisely calculated that the company could gain more in investment, and the return should be higher than the invested amount (Brassington and Pettitt 2001). Creativity- The industry that is selected need to be creative and people should understand and like the presentation that could attract the people towards the advertisements. Technology- The advertising companies should hold the ability to make use of advanced technology and then accordingly they should advertise with the help of popular media (Brassington and Pettitt 2001). 1.3 Assessment of how promotion is regulated In the UK, the advertising is actually controlled through the code of practices as well as legislation. In order to prevent the people from cheating through the fake publicity, there are many regulatory bodies working in the UK that tries to regulate the advertisements and various other activities of promotion (Fill 2012). They hold the authority to undertake the actions if they explore any kind of fraud activities (Fill 2012). There are three major regulatory bodies such as: Advertising Standards authority- Its the independent regulatory body for the advertising industry and its working across the media. This body act as the proactive and complaint the checks in order to take action against the misleading, offensive or either harmful advertising, direct marketing or sales promotional activities (Fill 2012). Board of abs standards- It was set up in 2004, and its run separately by the help of regulatory functions over the promotional activities (Fill 2012). It tries to ensure about the reliability as well as quality of the product and view about the information and advertising that could be sued in promotional activities. Advertising practice committee- This body is the self regulatory and it creates different non-broadcasting as well as broadcasting codes that are actually administered through the authority of adverting standards (Fill 2012). 1.4 Current trends in advertising and promotion, including the impact of ICT In order to keep pace with the changing technology and the taste, organizations have started to change their perception and the advertising style. Now there is more stress given on the technology instead of traditions (Kotler, Keller, Goodman and Torben 2009). So the organizations are trying to create the new techniques, which are more appropriate in the present environment and is also preferred to the customers. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is considered as the modern way of communication (Kotler, Keller, Goodman and Torben 2009). The activities related to promotion and communication is entirely relied over the technology. In order to keep pace with the time, and to exist in the competitive markets, the business companies are getting more interested in applying the modern technology of the advertising and the communication process (Kotler, Keller, Goodman and Torben 2009). As it has become very easy to consume less time, with more creativity and becoming more popular among the public, it is significant to make use of popular ways of both promotion and advertising. Its noted that ICT actually works with the help of websites, internet, e-mail and e-commerce (Kotler, Keller, Goodman and Torben 2009). Through the help of the current products, details are stored on the websites. People select and purchase from it, which is easy way to communicate with the customers. Therefore applying the development of technology in both promotion and advertising has become the trend in the entire world (Kotler, Keller, Goodman and Torben 2009). Advertising through television- Although it is noted that advertising over the television is quite costly, there are many companies who has selected the television as the key channel to advertise their goods (Hackley 2010). Over the trend in advertising and the ads shown in television is recruiting the stars in advertisements. It has supported to increase the effectiveness of the ads, as it has made audiences to feel more fashionable and has also supported in enhancing the product guarantees that has also increase the products sales volume (Hackley 2010). Internet and the websites- In the present time, accessing the internet has become cheaper as compared with past (Hackley 2010). Therefore, internet has become the easiest channel for communicating with the customers and advertising done through the internet has become quite popular in present time. The companies can easily select the websites that has huge viewers for advertising their products (Hackley 2010). ICT development has permitted to have the mass ways to interact with the customers. Social networking sites- Its noted that social networks has become very popular and has brought the various advantages for the online advertising companies (Hackley 2010). As the internet community is built through the help of social network that gather many peoples share interest, ideas and their thinking. The present generation using the social networks is mentioned to use the MySpace, YouTube, Twitter and the Facebook (Hackley 2010). Its noted that since 2009, Facebook has become increasing phenomenon in sharing the information. Therefore, there are many companies that are making use of Facebook as the effective way to promote and advertise their products (Hackley 2010). Task 2 2.1 Primary techniques of below-the-line promotion and its use in an integrated promotional strategy in business Below is the given technique of marketing that refer to the marketing technique for short term in order to generate the urgent reply through the customers. It covers up various techniques like incentives and the cash from the buyers towards the products (Balmer and Gray 2003). Therefore, communication strategy is more direct, and this technique of marketing covers up gifts, coupons, and discounts in order to buy the products. Below the line technique of promotion covers up the promotional strategies that support in meeting the demands of customers in better way (Balmer and Gray 2003). It also covers up different ways towards connecting with the targeted customers. This technique is undertaken through the organization and its mention below: Direct mail marketing- Through this technique companies can make the attractive message in order to inform the customers about the newly launched products. This technique should be informative, which couldnt be ignored by the customers (Balmer and Gray 2003). Marketing technique of Door to Door- This type of marketing helps in selling out the products by moving from one person to the other. It is considered as popular way of communication in the below the line technique of advertising (Balmer and Gray 2003). Marketing through exterior location- It implies the ways towards driving the interest towards the sale or an event. It covers up strategies that are used by the employees outside their location (Balmer and Gray 2003). Email marketing technique- Its the popular form of line marketing. It is done when the company runs the campaign on their own they can use email marketing technique for promoting their products (Balmer and Gray 2003). 2.2 Techniques used in below-the-line promotion Its important that the companies need to be creative, which help in formulating the promotional ideas towards development. There are various techniques that are used in the line promotion (Barney 1991). There are certain techniques that could be used in below the line production such as individual selling, rebates, policy trade, use of coupons, programs of loyalty, building loyalty, pricing as promotional technique, offering free goods, discounts, offering sponsors, selling goods with premium and free sampling (Barney 1991). The use of these techniques of promotion relies over the variation in circumstances and occasions. Below the line promotional sale is considered as the short term incentives that aim towards the customers (Barney 1991). Through the increase in pressure over the team of marketing for achieving the objectives of communication effectively might limit the budget, and for that there is a requirement to explore effective as well as efficient cost ways towards communicating with the targeted markets (Barney 1991). This has lead towards the shift by the media based on advertising. In different context, below the line sale promotion is considered as delay in the incentives towards purchasing, or either express in cash and even holds the short period of time (Barney 1991). Below the line promotional technique make use of the conventional ways in comparison to the particular channels of advertising in order to promote the services and products that are also above the line strategies (Barney 1991). They might cover up the activities like sales promotion, direct mail, as well as public relations in which the fee is set is agreed. Below the line technique of advertising stress over the direct ways of communication that includes mostly direct mail or either e-mail by making use of targeted name list in order to increase the rate of response (Barney 1991). Other better as well as effective below the line technique is Ssop Intercept. It includes the trained personnel sales, in which the young womens are usually deployed in the retail stores, which are near to the targeted products (Barney 1991). All the young women tries to convince the customers in order to visit the shelves in order to have better aspects of the brand that could be compared with the other one. Along with this, above the line technique is more effective within the targeted group and its challenging to explain (Barney 1991). If its noted that targeted group is specific, it is more advisable to apply the below the line promotional technique for attaining the cost effectiveness and efficiency. The technique of below the line tries to ensure about the brand and also highlights the products features (Barney 1991). Task 3 3.1 Process for the formulation of a budget for an integrated promotional strategy In make the budget gets connected with the promotional strategy; this practice is important for the companies (Belch and Belch 2001). Budget is considered as the financial plan that is formulated for certain time. The promotional budget supports in carrying out the effective activities of promotion. In order to be careful and follow the particular process its important to formulate the relevant budget for the integrated strategy of promotion (Belch and Belch 2001). This process includes: choosing the objective and defining the goals, determining the upcoming challenges, budget implementation as per the plan, and evaluating and controlling the budget. In order to complete the budget its important to have the professional strategy that includes three steps: The complete cost if the promotion is analyzed that includes the various types of marketing done in production, along with cost of marketing medium that needs to be calculated (Belch and Belch 2001). In the next step the costing ought to be completed along with the transactions that are made among the organization and the advertising agency. In the last step all the cost done throughout the premiere is expected to be compared with the planned budget (Belch and Belch 2001). 3.2 Development of a promotional plan for a business or product Promotion is considered as the method for expanding the sale of both products and the services in informing the customers, people and the stakeholders (Cravens and Piercy 2006). Its noted that in each business there is a requirement to develop the promotional plan in order to survive in the present market (Cravens and Piercy 2006). Basically, there are many companies that permit to have similar steps: Advertising- Its the popular way of conducting the marketing communication through which the customers could easily informed about the services and the products that could be selected over the competitors (Cravens and Piercy 2006). Promotion of sales- It relates with the activities and short term incentives, which tries to encourage the sale of both product and service. Public relations- It tries to deliberate sustained and planned for the efforts in order to set up as well as maintain the mutual understanding among the public and the organization (Cravens and Piercy 2006). Social media- It inform the mass of people about the products, and from that companies select the mass advertising media (Dwyer, Schurr and Oh 1987). Developing the first look- Its true that first impression is important at this stage. The first step through the promotion tries to develop the thrilling images of the business and of the items in the minds of the customers (Dwyer, Schurr and Oh 1987). Its basically carried out through the short texts like coming soon. This is undertaken for attracting the customers towards the products (Dwyer, Schurr and Oh 1987). Picture the looks- Only in this period of time, the product picture ought to be presented before the public. These pictures are expected to be exciting as well as lucrative, that attracts the customers (Dwyer, Schurr and Oh 1987). Make the organization ready and brochures of product sale- The companies need to come up with the first step of development (Fill 2005). Its important that the companies need to produce the brochure of sales through the products and its important that products and individuals should ship at the nearby store (Fill 2005). Other promotions- Other promotional support includes the companys website, cards, and catalogues. These concepts are important for the organization to get set in the minds of the customers (Michael 2000). Promotional plan monitoring- Through following the steps, the promotional work actually works and examines the feedback from everyone that is expected to be taken out and handled with full attention (Balasubramanian 1994). 3.3 Integration of promotional techniques into the promotional strategy for a business or product Promotional techniques are mainly used for attracting the customers. The needs of the organization are to actually design the activities of promotion for the purpose of spreading the brand name (Babin and Thompson 1996). In order to sell the products, organization makes use of various techniques of promotion but with the similar goal. Its expected that the organization require planning the integration of the techniques of promotion and trying to convert them into the promotional strategy for using them in effective way (Babin and Thompson 1996). They might adopt the certain ways like, including themselves within the general community, building the informative website, organize the conference as well as seminar programs and depict the presentation of the services and activities, and make the researched within the targeted markets (Babin and Thompson 1996). 3.4 Appropriate techniques for measuring campaign effectiveness. Campaign is significant in the promotional activities. It helps in organizing and boosting the sales promotion of specific items (Advertising Age 1999). Organizations need to measure the effectiveness of the campaign for the purpose of understanding whether it has happen as per the plan. There are different ways to measure this: analyze the people that have shown their interest, compare the sales, analyze the feedback and the plan for next promotion, interact with customers to understand their response about the campaign, undertake the survey over the people who visit the campaign, and count the coupons that are collected and distributed. In order to determine the effectiveness of the campaign, there are five heading that need to be check (Ailloni-Charas 1984). Profit- After each five weeks, the companys net income collected after the promotion should be drawn in order to contrast by using the organizational profits, before the promotion (Lee 2008). When the profits including the promotion are higher it means that the promotions are effective, else the promotions includes various unwanted impacts. Sales- The sales include the promotion that needs to be compared with the rate of sales before the promotion. The rate of sale collected after the promotion is high. However, the basic facts for checking over here is that when the rate of sales is high following the promotional activities. If this is true then the promotions are quite effective and when its not that, the promotions are not effective (Pickton and Broderick 2005). Communication- If the clients have contracted the customer support of the company in comparison to prior of the promotion, it implies that the clients hold the point of interest towards the products of the company by the promotion. Persuasion- Its noted that persuasion starts with how much clients are convinced before the promotion. This could be checked through how much clients have followed the promotion. When the new arte of customers in last weeks is high before the promotion, then the promotion should be undertaken to influence the new clients (Pickton and Broderic 2005). Attention- If one explores that more people are visiting the sites, and then its certain that the promotion was quite effective in attracting the customers. When the customer arte is stable, then the promotion is quite enough for gaining the attention of the customers (Pickton and Broderic 2005). Conclusion In order to become successful in the prevailing competitive world, the significance of both promotional and advertising activities could be explained in the words. It is explored by this report that its only on companies to select the relevant strategy and apply them in proper manner. Through the outcome will impact not only the company, rather it will also impact the third party. Through applying the new ideas and the opportunities, its expected that new dangers might also occur. In order to overcome all this, companies need to select the strategy and act accordingly. References Fill, C. 2012. Marketing Communications 4th Edition. Pearson Education LTD. OGuinn, T. C., Allen, C. and Semenik, R. 2010. Advertising and Integrated Brand Promotion. Thomson Publishing. Belch, G. E. and Belch, M. A. 2000. Advertising and Promotion, An integrated marketing communications perspective 6th Edition. Pearson Education. Brassington, F. and Pettitt, S. 2001. Principles of Marketing. Sage. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Goodman, M. and Torben, H. 2009. Marketing Management. England: Prentice Hall. Hackley, C. 2010. Advertising and Promotion- An integrated Marketing Communications Approach. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Balmer, J.M.T. and Gray, E.R. 2003. Corporate brands: what are they? What of them? [Online]. Available at: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=853870 [Accessed on: 8th February 2015]. Barney, J. 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. [Online]. Available at: https://www3.uma.pt/filipejmsousa/ge/Barney,%201991.pdf [Accessed on: 8th February 2015]. Belch, E.G. and Belch, A.M. 2001. Advertising and Promotion, 5th edn. New York: McGraw Hill Irwin, Cravens, W. D. and Piercy, F.N. 2006. Strategic Marketing, International Edition, 8th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Dwyer, F R., Schurr P. H., and Oh, S. 1987. Developing buyer-seller relationships. [Online]. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1251126?uid=2uid=4sid=21104241779737 [Accessed on: 8th February 2015] Fill, C. 2005. Marketing Communications Engagement Strategies and Practice, 4th edn. England: Prentice Hall Lee, S.L. 2008. The Benefits of Integrated Marketing Communication in Multi-level Marketing A Case Study of Amway Taiwan Limited Company. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cadsm.org/dsrc-tn/EngWeb/research/symposium/symposium-2009/2009-8.htm [Accessed on: 8th February 2015] Pickton, D. and Broderick, A. 2005. Integrated Marketing Communications, 2nd edn. England: Prentice Hall David, A. A. 1997. Should you take your brand to where the action is? Harvard Business Review, 75(5), pp. 135-143 Advertising Age. 1999. Virtual ads, real problems. Advertising Age, 70(22), p. 1-30 Ailloni-Charas, D. 1984. "Promotion: A guide to effective promotional planning, strategies, and executions". New York: John Wiley Sons. Babin, L.A. and Thompson, C. S. 1996. Viewers recognition of brands placed within a film. International Journal of Advertising, 15(2), pp. 140-151 Balasubramanian, S.K. 1994. "Beyond advertising and publicity: Hybrid messages and public policy issues." Journal of Advertising, 23(4), p. 1-29 Michael, B. 2000. Nothing subliminal about it. Sports Illustrated, 93(14), p. 1-28

Permissive Style Induction to Pmr free essay sample

I would like you to sit down or lie down and make yourself as comfortable as you can you have a choice to loosen any tight clothes or take off your shoes†¦. If at any time you want to move to make yourself more comfortable you can do that you are in control. Now once you feel settled you may close your eyes and simply enjoy†¦. This is your time to relax and experience your own sensations, Feel calm in this moment. Nothing else matters. You are safe. Concentrate on your breathing Take a deep breath. Breathe in†¦ and exhale. As you concentrate on your breathing you may notice some sounds from outside,†¦ let them disperse, †¦nothing can disturb you. †¦If you feel any areas of your body are carrying the tension of the day, you may make the decision to let go of that tension†¦ You might to allow all the muscles in your body to become more relaxed†¦ Feel that with every breath in†¦ and out†¦. We will write a custom essay sample on Permissive Style Induction to Pmr or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page all the stress is going away †¦let it go †¦. You may notice that your breathing has become a little bit slower already, and that is good feeling. You may take another a deep breath and hold it . and when you let it out . slowly. just let your body relax.. just relax as far as you are comfortable As you relax further and find comfort, you may imagine the muscles in the top of your head,†¦ the muscles on your brow,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ the muscles along your eyes and cheeks†¦, the muscles in your lips. now you may simply release the tension from theses areas.. Imagine this tension evaporating slowly as all your strains are released, leaving your face nice and relaxed†¦ Continuing now and relaxing the muscles in your body †¦along your shoulders,†¦ in your arms,†¦ and in your upper back†¦ you may Allow the tension to simply disappear†¦. In fact, it’s as if you can feel freedom from the tension from your back, your shoulders and your arms begin to move down forearm, through the hands and out the fingertips. Your fingers may twitch with pleasure;†¦ this is normal†¦. , just let them†¦ In your mind you can picture all of the stress of the day leaving your body†¦ as you relax†¦ Now you may imagine all the muscles in your chest relaxing. imagine all those muscles that connect to your spine and tummy imagine how much they can relax and let them relax and with each gentle breath you can relax those muscles more and more Thats right. You can allow yourself to let go now really let go and go deeper and deeper .. relax every muscle in your body and maybe you can feel a wave of exhilaration flowing down your body from your head down. all the way down to your toes.. And the more you relax the easier it becomes to relax even more As your body becomes relaxed; your mind becomes more relaxed, as well. †¦If you notice any further tensions maybe in the muscles along the hip or buttocks or in your upper leg. .. you may Let that tension simply flow from the top of your leg†¦. though your calves†¦. and through the muscles of the feet and ankles and out of your toes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. At this point, you may feel very relaxed†¦. You may experience the tranquillity and peace†¦.. If you need to swallow, that’s okay†¦.. If you adjust for comfort, that’s okay, as well†¦. From your head to your toes, you have allowed yourself to become completely and totally relaxed†¦. Your mind has now also become relaxed†¦. This relaxation feels so good†¦, you may want to enjoy this experience for a few moments. (Pause) As you allow your entire body to become limp and loose and feel relaxed,†¦ this time may become very meaningful to you You have acquired a new skill;†¦ the skill of taking physical control over your own body and emotions†¦. you may Enjoy this feeling again for a few moments. Pause) As you continue to enjoy this relaxation, †¦I going to ask you to allow yourself to drift to your special place,†¦ it can be any where, †¦it can be place where only you know,†¦ or it can be somewhere you never been before,, but you know this place from your thoughts or dreams, †¦the place where you will feel completely safe,†¦ just let your mind drift away. †¦. Maybe it is a desert and you walking on warm sand,†¦ imagine how this warmth is spreading all over your body leaving you in peace. †¦Perhaps you may hear some sounds, like the sound of the ocean†¦. This sound can make you even more and more deeply relaxed†¦; just enjoy this moment in this place†¦.. Maybe you can feel a gentle breeze. that just ruffles your hair and a warm sun caressing your face and your arms. and as you lie there just relax†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Its feels so good to just totally relax letting everything go. remember these feelings as you just relax and enjoy the peace and calm and just think how good it is to enjoy the relaxation nothing to do nothing to worry about Now for a moment I will leave you there, †¦just to give you this time to enjoy†¦. You may not hear my voice for little while..

Essay on Mouse and American Red Fox

Essay on Mouse and American Red Fox Essay on Mouse and American Red Fox Gluten for Punishment Once there was an American Red Fox, who pride himself on being a survivalist. Wondering the Great American Plains. A chubby mammal, whose stomach sank to the ground as he strolled along collecting rodents such as mice, rats, and birds, bringing them to a small den he had dug into the ground on the vast prairie,. Here Fox would consume his prey, and then lay around as if he was a sloth, glad he was increasing the size of his already immense pallet. Fox was unique to all other foxes because he had seemingly no sense of satiability when he ate. Fox was most certainly considered to be gluten. One day, the fox went on the prowl to locate the days prey. He prowled long and hard, through the intense heat of the day until dusk, however, with no avail to his workings. Fox was not used to going even a few hours without some sort of food, and he was losing his patience. After a few more hours of aggravating searching fox came to the realization that he might have to go the rest of the day with out eating, which was not all that long at all considering it would be a mere few hours before the sun would rise again and he could begin hunting again. Therefore, he started back to his den. On the long trip back, even over the loud sound of his growling stomach he heard a small movement in the grass. Fox’s ears flew back as he dropped his heading peering low under the brush in search of the sound making culprit. Once he spotted the source of the movement he lunged as fast as his fat body was capable of doing and caught a wee little mouse by the very end of his tail, almost severing it on impact of his obese paw. As he began to pull the mouse towards him he heard multiple frantic squeaks coming from what was supposed to be a simple meal, and peered down at it, and said to the mouse â€Å"quiet down little snack†! The mouse replied in a rather high pitched voice â€Å"please Mr. fox, I have a family and besides Mr. Fox, I am no large amount of meal†. The wolf j ust replied â€Å"silence mouse, you will do for now as I am starving here†! The mouse proceeded to beg stating over and over again, â€Å"Mr. Fox, you are the plumpest of all foxes in the land, and I see that you are greedy with your food†! The fox simply kept himself focused on keeping himself convinced he needed more food. The mouse then calmed himself and said, in a depressive voice,

Using the Common French Expression Casser Les Pieds

Using the Common French Expression 'Casser Les Pieds' The French expression casser les pieds quelquun is a weird one, a true idiom that doesnt directly translate. Phrased correctly, it means to annoy someone. This expression has evolved from casser la cervelle to casser les oreilles to casser les pieds, with the meaning of casser being more to crush than to break. It is a very commonly-used expression in French. Il me casse les pieds avec ses problà ¨mes He really annoys/bores me with his problems. The idea behind casser les pieds is more annoyance than boredom. But its used with both meanings. Note that the construction requires an indirect object pronoun. This means the expression is used with words such as me, te, lui, nous, vous, and leur. Idioms are tricky in every language. In French, its not usual to say break a leg to wish good luck to someone, for example. Casser les Pieds This is an odd-looking idiom. If you say casser les pieds quelquun, it means to annoy/bore someone. If you say casser les pieds DE quelquun its physical, and it means you broke someones feet. On jouait au foot...Pierre a tirà © dans le ballon en mà ªme temps que moi. Il ma donnà © un grand coup de pied et il ma cassà © le pied. We were playing soccer...Peter shot the ball at the same time as I did. He kicked me hard and broke my foot. Pierre a passà © la soirà ©e me raconter ses problà ¨mes de coeur, et quand je lui ai dit darrà ªter, il est allà © casser les pieds quelquun dautre. Pierre spent the evening telling me his love problems, and when I told him to stop, he went on to annoy someone else. Synonyms There are a number of synonyms for this phase, including some very common vulgar options that appear in everyday French language and pop culture. Boredom Sennuyer (very common) Sennuyer comme un rat mort, or like a dead rat, which means to be very bored. (Common expression) Se faire chier (very common vulgar slang) Annoyance Ennuyer, agacer, exaspà ©rer, importuner (quite formal) quelquun. Casser les oreilles quelquun meeans literally to break someones ears, but this expression is mostly used when someone talks too much. Faire chier quelquun (very common vulgar slang)

Banking Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Banking Law - Case Study Example The whole point of the cheque card is to make it wholly different with banks promising to pay irrespective the state of the customer's account. The person who produces a cheque card makes no representation that he is in credit with his bank. All the trader is concerned to ask is whether the customer have a cheque card, whether it matches the cheque, whether the cheque is for not more than the permissible credit limit and whether the signature on the cheque match the signature on the card. In the present case the appellant/ accused opened a bank account with the National Westminister Bank. He was allowed an overdraft of 100 pounds of one month which was latter extended for a month. The conditions were printed on the back of the cheque. The issuing bank undertakes that any cheque not exceeding 30 pounds will be honored subject to the fact that the cheque must be signed in the presence of the payee, the signature on the cheque must correspond with the specimen signature on this card, the cheque must be drawn on a bank cheque form bearing the code number shown on his card, the cheque must be drawn before the expiry date of his card, the card no. ... If these conditions are complied with the recipient need not concern himself about the drawers credit worthiness for he knows the cheque would be honored on presentment.A man who gives a cheque represents that it will be met on presentment. And if a cheque is accepted by the payee it is the belief that it will be met. And when it is supported by the bank's undertaking and all doubts in the mind of the payee as to the cheque being honored will be removed if he sees that the stipulated conditions are complied with. But by issuing a cheque book and a cheque card the bank has not authorized him to bind them by the use of the card to honor every cheque in the cheque book. It was observed that by exhibiting to the payee a cheque card containing the undertaking by the bank to honor cheques drawn in compliance with the conditions endorsed on the back, and drawing the cheque accordingly, the drawer represents to the payee that he has actual authority from the bank to make a contract with the payee on the bank's behalf that it will honor the cheque on presentation for payment. Speaking on ostensible authority on its head it was observed that if the other party has believed the representation and on the faith of that belief has acted upon it and the person represented to be his principal has so conducted him self towards that other party as to be estopped from denying the truth of the representation , then and only then, is he bound by the contract purportedly made on his behalf. The whole foundation of liability under the doctrine of ostensible authority is a representation , believed by the person to whom it is made, that the person claiming to contract as agent for a principal has the

ExperienceBased Theory Critique Social Science Essay

ExperienceBased Theory Critique Social Science - Essay Example The occurrence of the above mentioned criminal mindset and how the same gets nurtured in an individual right from the its formative age could be explained through Gordon Allport's theory of "The formation of In Groups". The crime and its implications has to be made understood to each and every citizen of the nation right from the stage he or she starts getting the feel of the society and things that have been associated with it. The most important philosophy around which the whole act of crime and crime prevention hovers is that this crime is very much a manmade enigma and the perpetrators or the criminals are not born, they are developed in this society and later become a bane to the same society from where it has been developed. In other words it can be understood that crime is very much a human act and if we take out the civilization clause from the dictionary of human society and make it equivalent to the savagery, this crime is not exactly something which can be termed inhumane. It's something present in very nature of humans and they technically possess every characteristic of an animal. It is a threat that is comparable to anything that has been faced by the society in past but is actually a very intelligent form of threat that waits for the opportunity to transform its ability into an act of crime under the influence of desire. Hence this phenomenon of crime is basically an action which involves at least two human beings with one being the perpetrator and the other one is the victim. Crime prevention is another part of the solution that has to tackle the social complexity of crime. Though the legal procedures and enforcement agencies are very much present to redress the problem, they have miserably failed to provide something which will have some long term impact. They actually provide security either through prosecution or through prevention. Prosecution leads to arrest and a whole lot of legal procedures including the judgment and imprisonment. Prevention deals with stopping a criminal from committing something heinous. The option of committing a crime is to be closed. Hence the target issue is the creation the hindrance for a criminal through wide spread precautionary measures being implemented through every single home to any of the working place or public place present in the locality. The important point is to shield oneself from being a victim. The crime and its different techniques have to be made understood to each and every person. Right from the begin ning i.e., during childhood, one should be made aware of the prevention procedures and the importance of it has to be made a part of the complete thought process. But still after this much precaution the outcome of these procedures has been found to be very much limited and the crime rate is on its way to rise and rise. The most important thing is to act against the cause that make a criminal rather than reducing the opportunities for him to commit some crime. We have to realize that this criminal has been developed from this society only and the problem is in the social pattern and due to these patterns we have to face certain people who have got out of the normal way of social life and are acting against the group of which it is a very important part. So the

An Analysis of Elvis Presley’s Popularity Essay Example for Free

An Analysis of Elvis Presley’s Popularity Essay The article points three of the most salient reasons behind the huge success and enormous impact of Elvis Presley to the American society the unique personality of Elvis, the way his manager has handled him, and the right timing when he emerged. Although these factors apparently shows direct effects on Presley’s popularity and impact, it should still be noted that his success would not be possible if he sticks to bigotry and conservatism. According to the article, Presley’s singing like a Black man primarily attracts people’s interest. However, it should be emphasized that Presley’s popularity could be contributed as well to his rich background in music. Presley’s music was considered having the combined elements of Gospel, Country, and Blues. (Saffle, 2009). In fact, he was a church singer when he was just young, explaining his exposure to gospel songs. However, just like what the author of the article has pointed out, Presley was not the sole artist who is like that during the time. In fact, he was not the first White American to sing blues. (Gilmore 1998). To make things worse, when Presley started to perform songs of that particular genre, he was even accused of stealing it from the Black Americans (Bertrand 2000). Amidst controversies like these, Presley somehow managed to continuously attract the eye of the public not only through his flamboyant costumes, teasing movements, and energetic performances but through his unique and charismatic personality. It could also be argued that part of this huge success came from the effective handling of his manager—Colonel Tom Parker. The presence of Presley’s manager was also considered a great help for the King’s success. Identifying the potentials and the unique gift of his talent, Colonel was able to utilize the man’s gift to transform into a name that would be forever engraved in the history of American music. It could be true that Presley would have never achieved such success without the partnership with Colonel. Though this could be primarily attributed to Colonel’s outstanding management, the treatment of the two for each other also helped. Their relationship has surpassed that of a manager and a talent. There came a time that people were joking that they were like a married couple (Nash, 2003). They spent most of their time together that is why Colonel has successfully crafted Elvis’ career. However, when Colonel decided to stop Presley’s world tours and accepted television and movie projects instead, critics considered it a wrong move and death of Presley’s music career. They accused Colonel of being too greedy by accepting lucrative projects for his client, thus sacrificing the true talent of Presley. Nonetheless, Colonel has managed to regain his glory when Presley had his successful comeback in the music scene. There is also no doubt with the article’s argument regarding the emergence of Presley at the right time in the American history. However, in this particular situation, time is not the factor. Presley’s enormous impact to the American society could be accounted for his liberal ideas and decisions. He opted not to conform to bigotry. Instead, he used his music to propagate liberating ideas to his audience, who were mainly adolescents looking for freedom. Presley also paved way for the introduction of the Black music into the music mainstream. That would undeniably resolve the question as to why he is worthy for the title King of Rock ‘n’ Roll. Works Cited Gilmore, Mikal. Night Beat: A Shadow History of Rock Roll. USA: University of Michigan, 1998 Nash, Alanna. The Colonel: The Extraordinary Story of Colonel Tom Parker and Elvis Presley. USA: Simon and Schuster, 2003 Saffle, Michael. The Musical Characteristics of Elvis Presley. Published by The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Education Bureau, 2009

Maxwell Relations :: essays research papers fc

My topic for the report is Thermodynamics Maxwell Relations, and in this report I will show how to derive the Maxwell Relations, as well as give several examples of how and when they are supposed to used.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The change in U depend on the changes in the system entropy, volume and XI’s this idea may be abbreviation (1-1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  U = U(S, V, XI)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In system of constant mass and composition, whose work can be expressed only in terms of its PV properties, there are no X’s and U is changed only by reversible heat and P dV work. Therefore (1-2) dU = T dS – P dV. The differential of the accumulated internal energy in a fixed-composition, P dV – work system is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  = dH = dU + d(PV) (1-3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = dU + P dV + V dP. Substituting equation (1-2) in equation (1-3), we obtain (1-4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dH = T dS + V dP.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the defining the Helmholtz function A we obtain ( 1-5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dA = dU – d(TS) = dU – T dS – S dT. Substituting equation (1-2) in equation (1-5) (1-6)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dA = -S dT – P dV. From the Gibbs Free Energy equation and equation (1.4) (1.7)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dG = -S dT + V dP. We have in equations (1-2), (1-4), (1-6), and (1-7) expressed dU, dH dA, and dG in terms of P, V, T, and S. We know that thermodynamic properties have exact differentials. If a property M is a function of x and y, (1.7a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M = M(x,y) then a differential change in M, dM, is the sum of the amount that M changes in the interval dx, with y held constant, plus the amount that M changes in the interval dy, with x held constant (see figure 1.1), or (1.8)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dM = (M/X)y dx + (M/Y)x dy. The terms (M/X)y and (M/Y)x are called partial derivatives of M and dM is called total differential. Equation (6-8) can be written (6.9)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dM = B dx + C dy, where B and C represent (M/X)y and (M/Y)x respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now equations (1.2), (1.4), (1.6), and (1.7) are total differentials, and have the same form as equation (1.9). By comparison with equations (1.7a), and (1.8), equation (1.2) may be written as   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dU = (U/S)V dS + (M/V)S dV, form which it follows that   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  T = (U/S)V and P = -(U/V)S In a like manner, from equation (1-4) and (1-2) we obtain (1-10)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  T = (H/S)P = (U/S)V , And from equation ((1-2) and (1-6), (1-11)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  P = -(U/V)S = -(A/V)T and from equation (1-4) and (1-7), (1-12)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   V = (H/P)S = (G/P)T And from equation (1-6) and (1-7),

Home Is the Place Where Heart Lives

The first meaning is that where you live, that is where your heart is. You physically may be away from home however your heart is in the place that you live. You wish you were there because it gives you peace and joy and comfort to be there. Consider this verse: Philippians 3:20 For our conversation is in heaven; from whence also we look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ: I believe that real followers of Christ can relate when I say that I would much rather be in heaven than here on earth. When you learn about the love of Jesus and compare it to the lusts of this world, one seeks to be with Jesus more than anything.The Bible does a great job of describing our future home in the Book of Revelation in Chapter 22. My heart is there right now. I wish to be there rather than down here. Where we love is home – home that our feet may leave, but not our hearts. -Oliver Wendell Holmes Most people don’t understand the concept of a ‘home’. For some, it’s j ust a building with a roof and four walls surrounding us. But on behalf of my regard I find it as a place where the soul lives, the memories get created and the real upbringing from the darkness to enlightment of life begins. Home sweet home is always there deep inside the heart of every living individual.Having one’s home is an old dream, as old as this universe is. Home is a place where basic, emotional, psychological and social needs of every individual member are fulfilled; a place for family living, where every individual enjoys the happiness, feels comfortable, gets maximum relaxation, passes on family traditions and customs from one generation to the other and can keep their treasure safely . Home is ranked as a man's paradise. It is a place in which human beings enjoy the happiness, love and affection, comfort, entertainment and indulge in various activities they like.It’s not built with just the bricks and stones but with the love and affection which it indulg es within itself. The greatest example is the Taj Mahal. It’s famous and immortal in human minds only because of the great love of Shah Jahan for Mumtaz. Hence that mansion belonged not only to him but also to his soul. House is a place where our feelings and thoughts get a peace of mind and security. AS we grow up the relationship bondage wit house increases gradually and it too becomes a part of our life†¦ Even for some it is the only memento and remembrance of their father, mother and ancestors.Hence they treat it as God. According to Hindus, the most sacred place is the place where our essence stays i. e. home. We start dreaming in this place, our inspiration gets its wings in this wonderful creation. But most important the sense of being our own is bent here. In simple sentence I l title its need as-the house shelters day-dreaming, the house protects the dreamer, and the house allows one to dream in peace. â€Å"Charity begins at home, but should not end there. â⠂¬ Ã‚   Thomas Fuller One learns his charity, morality, and ethics of life in this house.

Grolsch Company Essay

1. Yes, several of the major players have been actively engaging in mergers and acquisitions, leading to a more concentrated market with larger market shares for the leading firms. 2. There is not a clear leader which absolutely dominates the industry. While Heineken is the leader in the international market, Bud (Light) leads total volume. There is also no core, the leading companies in international and total volume markets differ from each other. 3. In its process of expansion, Grolsch has engaged in both cooperation with local brewers, and direct shipping from domestic factories, depending on the markets demand. For markets such as the USA that valued originality, direct shipping was used. For others that did not hold an emphasis on this, joint venture options were explored to cut costs. 4. No, standardization is not increasing. Majority of Grolsch’s sales come from its Grolsch Premium Lager, with other variations such as Amsterdam beers. Packaging was not standardized around the globe, products shipped to different markets had country-specific labels. Grolsch is also priced differently in various markets, priced at a higher price in its domestic market. 5. It implies that minimum target should be to further enhance operations, increasing production and distribution efficiencies to achieve cost reduction in order to remain profitable. 6. Variation is quite large on cross-country markets. Grolsch is priced as a premium brand in non-domestic market and a mid range standard product in the Netherlands for Grolsch Premium Lager. Also, the different products offered in different regions also make them differ in profitability. For example, the home market that accounted for roughly 50% of sales in volume generated 65% of revenues with even higher EBIT. 7. Profits are most tightly linked with volume, with national sales as it is the most profitable providing the highest EBIT and lowest distribution costs. International sales have shown to be slightly less profitable but still important in overall profitability. 8. Price-sensitivity for beer is relatively low, with many competitors in the market so distribution on economic profits should lean more towards suppliers and complementors. 9. Labor took up approximately 15% of revenues compared to 4% to 6% on advertising. Hence, the industry Grolsch is in is most likely labor-intensive.

web site e commernce

web site e commernce Current network architecture of companyUnited mission to Nepal it is Social organization which helps to the poor children to study and make them able to study, it help to the children who are unable to read. It Have many project one of them is to increase the literacy percentage of Nepal, United mission to nepal is a multicultural teams of nepali nationals and volunteerUnited mission to Nepal is a social organization which maintaining their data communication in their organization, it was establish in 2004 it have very less number of student and employ at the begin now the organization is growing because of it goal, it's project is growing from east to west of Nepal. It also help to street children for their better quality of life .Their mission is to minister to give the needs of the people of nepal and to raise the community of servants in fellowship with the communityThey have different organization in different place of Nepal with LANS and WANS, internet, VPN and with RASUnited m ission to Nepal have different branch in NepalFig : where the branch are been plantedHow Networks setup in their organization:Now the organization have centralized database in windows server2000.It has two three office one in pokhara another in Kathmanduand last one is in heatuda, it use the ISP (internet Service provider) provide by the Global Network connection to connect to the center data base and VPN (virtual private network) to connect With each other, They use the MYSQL in the center computer in kathmandu and the VPN (virtual Private network to connect) and maintain their data and access user control Locally. So the user can access the locally by using the RAS and the internet respectively.An whole view of the...

International Relations in the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Relations in the world - Essay Example The United Kingdom naturally enjoys several benefits out of this approach of coalition with the US and Europe simultaneously, while promoting the transatlantic cooperation. However, meeting the costs of the special relationship as well as balancing the coalition with the US and Europe has not been easy for the British government. The stance of providing unprecedented support to the US actions and policies has led to the growth of scepticism in the European Union as well as among the British public and party members. This paper elaborates the US-UK special relationship in the context of enhancing collaboration between the US and Europe. It then examines the cost and benefits associated with this stance of British government. The post cold war period signifies a new geopolitical scenario encompassing the Western world. There have been conflicts, as well as concordance on world issues affecting the state of relations shared by nations. The United Kingdom, not only geographically but also politically, finds itself intimately connected with the European world and the historical 'special relationship' with the United States driven by the nations' commonly shared interests and objectives. This transatlantic relationship not only affects the British foreign policy but also influences the dimensions of relationship between the United States and the European Union. The British government, in effect, regards itself as playing a bridging role between the United States and the Europe. This relationship, according to Wallace (2005, p55), "conjures up an image of British ministers and diplomats explaining European international politics to American leaders, and interpreting American foreign policy to European governments". The British prime ministers historically have been playing eminent role in bringing European countries closer to the United States. It also happens to be an important aspect of Britain's foreign policy for the current Prime Minister Tony Blair, to balance the British relationship with the United States and the European countries as well as to promote cooperation between the US and Europe. Hence, the government undertakes rigorous efforts as a part of its foreign policy to enhance this multilateral collaboration. The historic relationship between the US and UK was further bolstered up by the 9/11 event and the United States' subsequent war on terror, whereupon Britain provided full military and political support to the American stance to wage war on Afghanistan and then Iraq. Dumbrell (2006, pp. 456-457) asserts that Tony Blair has succeeded in developing a "special relationship" with the United States channelled through its support for the war on terror; hence projecting it as the greatest US ally. The Britain's stance for bridging relationship between the US and the Europe certainly implies increasing collaboration between these countries and communicating the need to enhance multilateral cooperation leading to the achievement of their national interests. Benefit And Costs Of The Approach The approach of playing a 'bridging role' between the US and Europe relations procures significant geopolitical gains to the United Kingdom. Britain aspires to maintain its influence over the international politics and policies, but lacks resources to accomplish this objective.

Fish oil Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fish oil - Assignment Example This effect is achievable when fish oil is consumed with amino acids. Another benefit of fish oil is that it enhances the immunity by supporting the white blood cell activity (Sears, 2014). It also enhances insulin sensitivity in muscles and promotes the delivery of nutrients across the cell membrane. Furthermore, it is beneficial in acceleration of metabolism and reduction of triglyceride levels. Ultimately, omega-3 plays a crucial role in brain development, especially in babies and recent research shows that it is beneficial in treating cognitive conditions, dementia as well as Alzheimer’s disease (Sears, 2014). The digestion of fish oil occurs in the small intestines through the process of hydrolysis by the pancreatic lipase and bile salts to produce two fatty acids and a monoglyceride that are absorbed in the intestines and reassembled to triglycerides (Maroon, 2006). The triglycerides are transported into lymphatic channels and later into the blood stream by chylomicrons (Maroon, 2006). Bioavailability refers to the ability of the ingestible capsule of omega 3 fatty acids to be absorbed by the body into the bloodstream, tissues and organs. Bioavailability is important because it determines the amount of capsule to be ingested for proper effect on the body (Wexler, 2007). Research demonstrates that the most bio available fish oil is that with the re-esterified triglyceride form. Ingestion of omega-3 supplements is more effective after a meal as compared to ingestion on an empty stomach (Wexler, 2007). The risk of heart diseases is best prevented by lowering the levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLS) and blood cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) in the blood. Eskimos diet consists largely of fatty fish. It is noteworthy that obesity in this community is prevalent (Luten, 2006). Recent studies conducted on sardines and salmons, which are their main food revealed that, albeit their heavy weights,

Art history, native american art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Art history, native american art - Essay Example This paper will discuss the native history of American art. Native American art comprises of oil, pottery, basketry, wood, leather and water or sand paintings (Phillips and Berlo 10). The creativity that is involved in American art is regarded as sacred and limitless. According to the Americans, the use of art is continually identified as a form of expression. Their artistic works present their love for the environment. In their native way of life, the Americans considered art as a symbol. They usually made their artwork through the use of materials such as fabric, clay, feathers and rocks among others. In the Native American lifestyle, basket weaving was regarded as the most popular form of artistic work (Phillips and Berlo 13). In this case, basket weaving served a twofold purpose. Most of the American artists used corn husks and reeds to make complex woven baskets. Thereafter, the material was dyed to create tribal art on the basket. The final product was a beautiful, artistic piece of work that was also used as a normal basket. The weaving practice was quite prevalent in the Native American era, since; women would spend hours weaving to create colorful baskets. In most cases, the baskets were made from vegetable fibers (Phillips and Berlo 13). Moreover, there were other materials that were used in weaving of the baskets. The most common materials that were used apart from vegetable fibers include cedar bark, native grass and ivory carvings. The material used in making the basket defined the type of basket being made. Recently, weaving leads to ecological activism. Individuals from the Navajo tribe were well conversant with the weaving practice. They even made blankets from woven reeds. Most literary scholars assert that, the Native Americans were the first individuals to design beautiful implements. Furthermore, every artistic object they made entailed a detailed rationale. They developed different forms of artistic

Sports nutrition -cyclists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sports nutrition -cyclists - Essay Example During an athlete’s activity, the body uses stored carbohydrates which raise epinephrine and norepinephrine level which causes glucagon to increase. Increase in glucagon converts glycogen into glucose which is supplied to the blood stream for use in the activity. Carbohydrates are stored in the form of simple sugars (glucose, fructose, and galactose) in the body which makes it easier for absorption. A gram of carbohydrates is equal to four calories of energy, and an athlete can store up to 1200 grammes of glycogen (4800 calories) for an activity (Seebohar, 2004). The amount of time an athlete can rely on stored carbohydrates will vary with various factors such as the weather and the intensity of the activity. Protein anabolism refers to development of complex protein molecules from simpler ones. It occurs after hard work or after the body does vigorous activities to build or repair body tissues and also to restore broken down tissues. Anabolism sees to it that amino acids, which form proteins, are broken down to form final protein. Proteins help in enzyme and hormone formation and production which help in body functions and reactions, this plays a key role in the body such as protection against diseases, and also can be used to produce energy if insufficient carbohydrates and fats are available. Catabolism of proteins is the process of breaking down proteins and its components to simpler ones. During exercise, protein catabolism is an inevitable process in the body, and this is as a result of strain of muscles, tissues and organs. The body is in turn expected to repair the damaged areas in the body so as to reduce breakdown. Protein catabolism occurs during strain, hard work and may also occur during damages or injuries to the body. Fat as another nutrient required by the body can also be used as fuel by the body, and this varies with the activities in the body. Although fats produce low

Security Plan

Security Plan Scenario : Widget Warehouse is a medium sized e-commerce company that supports 200 customers daily. The student has been hired to assist in the development of a new security policy. An assignment has been received to analyse the current network of Widget Warehouse. The Widget Warehouse network is comprised of an intranet with 200 users, and a public Web server that processes the company e-commerce traffic. The internal network is logically divided into an information technology (IT) department branch, an accounting branch, a customer service branch, a sales branch, and an inventory branch. Step 1 Create a list of various attack intruders: a. The IT department for Widget Warehouse has a general understanding of security but they are very inexperienced with the various attacks an intruder can use to exploit their network resources. Create a list of various attacks intruders can use maliciously against the Widget Warehouse network. Also, provide a brief description of possible attacks, including their purpose. Attack Name Attack Description Brute force attack This attack uses a specific character set (such as A-Z, 0-9) and computes the hash for every possible password made up of those characters. Eavesdropping When an attacker is eavesdropping on our communications, it is referred to as sniffing or snooping. The ability of an eavesdropper to monitor the network is generally the biggest security problem that administrators face in an enterprise. Without strong encryption services that are based on cryptography, our data can be read by others as it traverses the network. Denial-of-Service Attack The denial-of-service attack prevents normal use of your computer or network by valid users. After gaining access to the network the attacker can send invalid data to applications or network services, which causes abnormal termination or behaviour of the applications or services, attacker can flood a computer or the entire network with traffic until a shutdown occurs because of the overload, attacker can Block traffic, which may result in loss of access our network resources by the users. Data Modification After an attacker has read our data, the next logical step is to alter it. An attacker can modify the data in the packet without the knowledge of the sender or receiver. Even if we do not require confidentiality for all communications or we do not want any of the messages to be modified in transit. For example, if one is exchanging purchase requisitions, he does not want the items, amounts, or billing information to be modified. Identity Spoofing (IP Address Spoofing) Most networks and operating systems use the IP address of a computer to identify a valid entity. In certain cases, it is possible for an IP address to be falsely assumed— identity spoofing. An attacker might also use special programs to construct IP packets that appear to originate from valid addresses inside the corporate intranet. After gaining access to the network with a valid IP address, the attacker can modify, reroute, or delete your data. Password-Based Attacks A common denominator of most operating system and network security plans is password-based access control. Thus the access rights to a computer and network resources are determined by the person, the user name and the password. Older applications do not always protect identity information as it is passed through the network for validation. This might allow an eavesdropper to gain access to the network by posing as a valid user. Sniffer Attack A sniffer is an application or device that can read, monitor, and capture network data exchanges and read network packets. If the packets are not encrypted, a sniffer provides a full view of the data inside the packet. Even encapsulated (tunnelled) packets can be broken open and read unless they are encrypted and the attacker does not have access to the key. Man-in-the-Middle Attack The man-in-the-middle attack occurs when someone between you and the person with whom you are communicating is actively monitoring, capturing, and controlling your communication transparently. For example, the attacker can re-route a data exchange. When computers are communicating at low levels of the network layer, the computers might not be able to determine with whom they are exchanging data. Trojan horses and worms Trojan horses are often associated with viruses which are they are dangerous programs that masquerade as benign programs. Step 2 Make a List of Security Requirements: a. One of the first steps in creating a security policy is gathering the requirements for the company. Create a list of questions to ask the Widget Warehouse executives, in order to better understand their security requirements and business goals. 1. Widget Warehouse requirements: a) What are the specifications required for the network operation? b) What access controls are needed to be applied on the users? c) Which departments are needed to be interconnected? d) What are the login policies and to which extent are they needed to be applied? (day, time range etc) e) A list of various applications which are required for the different branches? f) To what extent the policies are to be applied on the users? g) How group policies should be applied on the server which allows the users to access information? h) What are the policies to be implied on the web access? i) Specifications of file policies to all the users? j) What are the password policies needed to be applied on the users? Step 3 Identify Security Implementation Options a. Based on the questions, it is discovered that mission-critical information is passed between remote departments in the company over the LAN and the Internet. What security implementation could be used to keep this information out of unauthorized hands? Provide a brief explanation with each answer. Company will have the information about their employees, customers, products, sales, and financial status. Most of this information is now collected, processed and stored on electronic computers and transmitted across networks to other computers. Should confidential information about businesses customers or finances or new product line fall into the hands of a competitor, such a breach of security could lead to lost business, law suits or even bankruptcy of the business. Protecting confidential information is a business requirement, and in many cases also an ethical and legal requirement. In the company one department is needed to access the information of another department. We should maintain a firewall to the server. And we have to give the access between the departments where it is required. Authorization: Authorization addresses the question: what can you do? It is the process that governs the resources and operations that the authenticated client is permitted to access. Resources include files, databases, tables, rows, and so on, together with system-level resources such as registry keys and configuration data. Operations include performing transactions such as purchasing a product, transferring money from one account to another, or increasing a customers credit rating. Virtual Private Network ‘VPN One of the most important solutions to viruses and hackers threats is VPN [4] that makes the network between companies and users secured; it is also authenticated and encrypted for security. VPNs provide the ability for two offices to communicate with each other in such a way that it looks like theyre directly connected over a private leased line. Basically, a VPN is a private network that uses a public network usually the Internet to connect remote sites or users together. Instead of using a dedicated, real world connection such as leased line, a VPN [11] uses virtual connections routed through the Internet from the companys private network to the remote site or employee. IPSec: IPSec [3] is defined as a set of standards that verifies, authenticates, and encrypts data at the IP packet level. It is used to provide data security for network transmissions. IPSec is a suite of protocols that allows secure, encrypted communication between two computers over an unsecured network. It has two goals: to protect IP packets, and to provide a defense against network attacks. Step 4 Create a Description of the Security Wheel a. The Widget Warehouse executives do not completely understand the continual process of security. They appear to be under the impression that once a security policy is implemented it will be sufficient for an extended period of time. Create a description of the security wheel and discuss the benefits of such a model. Sol: The network security wheel is a methodology of how the network security of an enterprise is maintained. Here the notion of ‘wheel is a depiction that says that network security is a continuous process. In other words, in order to keep the wheel rolling have a continual security policy, the security engineers in an enterprise should always maintain four steps: Step Name Step Description 1. Secure We have to secure our networks. This is the step where we implement our security solutions in the enterprise. Firewalls, authentication, encryption are included in this step 2. Monitor This is the step where we monitor our security solutions implemented in the previous step. We should monitor if a security breach exists. We can think about IDS or IPS in this stage. This step can also be used to validate our security solutions. 3. Test This is the step where the security engineers/specialists try to break their own security solutions. We can think of this step as penetration testers kind of job. 4. Improve This step is a continuation of the previous step. Once we find a breach or something that hinders employees productivity, then we can improve it here. This step may also be a good place to change our security policies. Step 5 Passive Monitoring a. The management of Widget Warehouse wishes to see some of the available options in security monitoring. As the consultant, suggest that a passive monitoring scheme may be an option they should pursue. Write a description of passive monitoring that is to be presented to Widget Warehouse management. Sol: Security monitoring focuses on the activities and condition of network traffic and network hosts. Activity monitoring is primarily performed to assess policy compliance, identify non-compliance with the institutions policies, and identify intrusions and support an effective intrusion response. Because activity monitoring is typically an operational procedure performed over time, it is capable of providing continual assurance. Through passive monitoring, a security admin can gain a thorough understanding of the networks topology: what services are available, what operating systems are in use, and what vulnerabilities may be exposed on the network. Much of this data can be gathered in an automated, non-intrusive manner through the use of standard tools, Step 6 Explain Using a Security Policy a. Explain to the IT Department how using a security policy can provide advantages to the company as a way to secure sensitive information. 1. Developing a security policy. †¢ By using a security policy, we can achieve confidentiality, integrity and availability over the network. †¢ The security policy addresses constraints on functions and flow among them, constraints on access by external systems and adversaries including programs and access to data by the users of different branches. †¢ Information will be protected against unauthorised access. †¢ By using access control lists and password policies, certain important data can be protected from unauthorised users. †¢ All breaches of Information Security, actual or suspected, can be reported and investigated. †¢ Retaining confidential and proprietary information. †¢ Securing applications †¢ Assuring standardization and consistency †¢ At the network level, we can minimise the spread and impact of harmful worms †¢ and viruses. †¢ Business requirements for the availability of information and information systems will be met.

Nuclear Energy Essay -- Environmental Issues Fossil Fuels Essays

Nuclear Energy One of the key factors needed to continue human progress is an energy source that is not only adequate but plentiful and unharmful to our environment. These requirements are very difficult to meet. As of right now, most of our energy comes from the combustion of coal, oil and natural gas. â€Å"They will last quite a while but will probably run out or become harmful in tens to hundreds of years.†(Source 2) The effects they have on the environment are also an issue. Many scientists are searching for other forms of energy. Nonreplicable energy sources such as solar energy are being explored; however, these methods are not highly developed and are very expensive. Nuclear energy, therefore, appears to be the best alternative since it is cheaper and because it doesn't emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere like the combustion of the fossil fuels do. Nuclear energy comes from the fission of uranium, plutonium, or thorium or the fusion of hydrogen into helium. â€Å"Fission is defined as the splitting of atomic nuclei spontaneously or because of the absorption of a nucleus.† (Source 1) It produces radioactivity in the form of heat, smaller nuclei, and neutrons. Fusion is just the opposite. It is the coming together of two atomic nuclei. Most power plants today used the fission of enriched uranium to produce nuclear energy using a reactor. Nuclear energy is a very important energy source to the United States. It is inexpensive and is gaining ground as the main energy resource replacement to the fossil fuels. Today twenty percent of the electricity in the United States comes from 109 licensed power reactors in the United States. Why not just completely switch over to nucl... ...ty of the process. Small accidents can lead to huge problems. For example, a small explosion can lead to increased cases of cancer over a very large area. Also, they question if the process is truly cheaper. If the plants were made safer, would it still be cheaper? Or will the costs of safeguarding the plant raise the cost? The disposal of nuclear waste is also an issue that must be figured out before one can decide if nuclear energy truly is the next best alternative. My opinion is that we should study non-dispensable energy resources such as solar and figure out how to make it less expensive and develop it so that we can use it to its fullest potential. Works Cited Class Notes http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/progress/nuclear-faq.html http://members.iinet.net.au/~hydros/nuclear/nuclear_energy.htm http://www.ecolo.org/

Professional Development Essay

Nurses are the largest work force in the healthcare industry. The increasing demands for nurses opt to increase the quality of care given by these nurses. The Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2010) states that patients â€Å"deserve the care that centered on their unique needs and not what is most convenient for the health care professionals†. Nursing practice has changed significantly since the beginning of the profession secondary to increased demand for high quality care given and for the safety of the nurses and the patients. In order to overcome these challenges the Institute of Medicine (IOM) created a report that served as a foundation for the future and advancement of nursing. IOM reported that, â€Å"Nurses have the opportunity to play a central role in transforming the healthcare system to create a more accessible, high quality, and value-driven environment for patients†. (Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2010, pg. 85) The IOM report, †The Future of Nursing: Lead ing Change, Advancing Health†, emphasized on different topics with regards to the future of nursing especially the importance of nursing education, nursing practice and the roles of nurses as a leader in the healthcare system. The goal of nursing education is for the nurses to be prepared to face the increasing needs of a diverse population of patients and to deliver a safe and quality patient care. In addition, the transformation of nursing education is encouraged to prepare new nurses to work hand in hand with other healthcare professionals in different settings. These changes are needed because of technological advancements, older patient population and increasing complexity of the patient conditions. Care in the acute care setting and outside the hospital has become more complex as well. Nurses have to be trained on flexibility and ability to take in more roles than what is expected when they graduate nursing. With this note, advancement in the education curriculum and changes are needed to compensate for these demands. Nurses should be able to have evidence-based practice care, collaborative skills with other professionals, be proficient with the new technologies and even more skilled on the acute and chronic healthcare settings. Most hospitals are teaching hospitals and require more BSN graduate nurses  in their workforce. The IOM has a view to increase BSN nurses working in hospitals from 50% to 100%. In spite of this view, IOM set a goal of having BSN nursing percentage of 80% by 2020. This is â€Å"necessary to move the nursing workforce to an expanded set of competencies, especially in the domains of community and public health, leadership, systems improvement and change, research and health policy†. (IOM, 2010, pg. 173) In addition, having a BSN degree is a good foundation for nurses to advance to a higher education, APRNs and Doctorate levels, that will in turn advance nurses to research, faculty nurses to teach future nurses, ability to participate in creating healthcare policies and leadership roles. IOM also encourages having bridge programs from RN to BSN and having a residency program that will allow nurses to gain more skills, experience and knowledge and alleviate the stress around new nurses that are being thrown out of the real world without enough exposure and understanding of the profession. There are plenty of barriers in accomplishing these goals but with proper incentives, motivation and encouragement that are given to nurses, it is not impossible to have a better future in nursing education and have more educated and advanced nursing workforce in our society today. IOM also emphasized the importance of advancing the nursing practice to the community and not just concentrate in the acute care setting due to the increasing needs of the population and changes in the healthcare system. The outdated policies governing nursing scope of practice is a hindrance to the advancement of nursing practice and because of this patients are limited to access a better quality of care. IOM stressed on their report that a necessary alteration in nursing practice is needed to provide patient-centered care; deliver more primary as opposed to specialty care; deliver more care in the community rather than the acute care setting; provide seamless care; enable all health professionals to practice to the full extent of their education, training, and competencies; and foster inter-professional collaboration. (IOM, 2010, pg. 86-87) Nurses are encouraged to pursue their education to Advanced Practical Registered Nurses (APRN) due to a shortage of primary care professionals in the acute and mainly in the community healthcare setting. APRNs are knowledgeable, well trained and proficient enough to provide safe and high quality of care without the supervision of a primary doctor. IOM believes that changes in the regulations and expanding the scope of practice of nurses and of APRNs are necessary so that they can have the ability to practice and make decisions more independently. â€Å"The committee believes all health professionals should practice to the full extent of their education and training so that more patients may benefit†. (IOM, 2010, pg. 96) Again having bridge programs and residency programs for new nurses will help with the advancement of nursing practice. Redefining the roles and extending the scope of nursing practice is highly recommended by the IOM for the future of the nursing profession and to keep up with the evolution of the healthcare environment. Another vision that the IOM has is nurses as leaders in healthcare. It is time for nurses to move forward from bedside roles and start being active as leaders and partners with other healthcare professionals in delivering high quality care to patients. Together with the changes of nursing education and nursing practice, nurses as leaders are required to finally reach the goal of an advanced healthcare system. IOM’s vision â€Å"specifically challenges nurses to demonstrate full partnership with physicians and other healthcare professionals in redesigning U.S healthcare.† (Porer-O’Grady, 2011, pg. 33) in addition the IOM â€Å"report suggests that the nursing profession must produce leaders at every level of the system and accept key leadership positions in policy, politics, organizations, and practice.† (Porer-O’Grady, 2011, pg. 33) Today’s advancements in technology, nurses have an important role in research and they assist in developing evidence-based practice care to maintain safety. Nurses are the main caregivers and they understand very well the healthcare process. Nurses also play a vital role in delivering quality patient care through facilitation, coordination and making sure everything is at ease. So it is imperative that nurses be involved in policy making and provide strategies to improve care delivery and ensure quality  care. With these expectations put into nurses, it is every nurse’s responsibility to advance in their career, through education, be very well rounded with competencies and be active partners and be future leaders in the healthcare system. In conclusion, IOM has a very broad insight and goals with regards to the future of nursing. In order to achieve these goals, the importance of advancing nursing education and practice are emphasized as well as having more nursing leaders in the healthcare system. Having more BSN graduate nurses in the acute care settings and having more APRNs extending their services to the community is going to facilitate the advancement that the IOM views. Changing policies and extending the scope of practice for nurses to avoid limiting their abilities to practice and taking advantage of the nurse’s full capabilities is another goal that the IOM envisions. Lastly, nurses are seen more involved as leaders for a successful reform and in turn provide a better quality and safe care to patients. References Porer-O’Grady, T. (2011). Future of Nursing Special:Leadership at All Levels. Nursing Management, 32-37. Retrieved from http://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/journalarticle?Article_ID=1163290 The future of nursing: leading change, advancing health. (2010). Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. Retrieved from http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12956